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Alternate name
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:
Baba Saheb
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Date of birth
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: April 14, 1891
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Place of birth
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:
Mhow, Central Provinces, India
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Date of death
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:
December 6, 1956
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Place of death
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:
Delhi, India
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Movement
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:
Dalit Buddhist movement
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Major
organizations
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:
Independent Labour Party,
Scheduled Castes Federation,
Republican Party of India
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Religion
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:
Buddhism
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Bhimrao Ramji
Ambedkar (Marathi:डॊ.भीमराव रामजी
आंबेडकर)
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|
(April 14, 1891 —
December 6, 1956), also known as Babasaheb, was an Indian nationalist,
jurist, Dalit political leader and a Buddhist revivalist. He was also the
chief architect of the Indian Constitution. Born into a poor Untouchable
family, Ambedkar spent his whole life fighting against social discrimination,
the system of Chaturvarna - the Hindu categorization of human society into
four varnas - and the Indian caste system. He is also credited with having
sparked the Dalit Buddhist movement. Ambedkar has been honoured with the
Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.
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|
Overcoming
numerous social and financial obstacles, Ambedkar became one of the first
"untouchables" to obtain a college education in India. Eventually
earning law degrees and multiple doctorates for his study and research in
law, economics and political science from Columbia University and the London
School of Economics, Ambedkar returned home a famous scholar and practiced
law for a few years before publishing journals advocating political rights
and social freedom for India's untouchables.
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Dalit Movement
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After returning
to India, Bhimrao Ambedkar decided to fight against the caste discrimination
that almost fragmented the nation. Ambedkar opined that there should be
separate electoral system for the Untouchables and lower caste people. He
also favored the concept of providing reservations for Dalits and other
religious communities.
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Gandhiji vs Ambedkar
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Ambedkar objected
to the decision of Congress and Mahatma Gandhi to call the untouchable
community as Harijans. He would say that even the members of untouchable
community are same as the other members of the society. Ambedkar was
appointed on the Defence Advisory Committee and the Viceroy's Executive
Council as Minister for Labor. His reputation as a scholar led to his
appointment as free India's first, Law Minister and chairman of the committee
responsible to draft a constitution.
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Framer of
Constitution
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Bhimrao Ambedkar
was appointed as the chairman of the constitution drafting committee. He was
also a noted scholar and eminent jurist. Ambedkar emphasized on the
construction of a virtual bridge between the classes of the society.
According to him, it would be difficult to maintain the unity of the country
if the difference among the classes were not met.
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Death
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Since 1954-55
Ambedkar was suffering from serious health problems including diabetes and
weak eyesight. On 6 December, 1956 he died at his home in Delhi. Since,
Ambedkar adopted the Buddhism as his religion, a Buddhist-style cremation was
organized for him. The ceremony was attended by hundreds of thousands of
supporters, activists and admirers.
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The Education
Department, Government of Maharashtra (Mumbai) published the collection of
Ambedkar's writings and speeches in different volumes.
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Castes in India:
Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development and 11 Other Essays
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Ambedkar in the
Bombay Legislature, with the Simon Commission and at the Round Table
Conferences, 1927–1939
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Philosophy of
Hinduism; India and the Pre-requisites of Communism; Revolution and
Counter-revolution; Buddha or Karl Marx
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Riddles in
Hinduism[140]
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Essays on
Untouchables and Untouchability
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The Evolution of
Provincial Finance in British India
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Who Were the Shudras?
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The Untouchables
Who Were They And Why They Became Untouchables ?
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The Annihilation
of Caste (1936) (The 2014 annotated edition, published by Navayana in India,
and Verso in North America, has an extended introduction by Arundhati Roy)
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Pakistan or the
Partition of India
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What Congress and
Gandhi have done to the Untouchables; Mr. Gandhi and the Emancipation of the
Untouchables
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Ambedkar as
member of the Governor General's Executive Council, 1942–46
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The Buddha and
his Dhamma
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Unpublished
Writings; Ancient Indian Commerce; Notes on laws; Waiting for a Visa ;
Miscellaneous notes, etc.
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Ambedkar as the
principal architect of the Constitution of India
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(2 parts) Dr.
Ambedkar and The Hindu Code Bill
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Ambedkar as Free
India's First Law Minister and Member of Opposition in Indian Parliament
(1947–1956)
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The Pali Grammar
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Ambedkar and his
Egalitarian Revolution – Struggle for Human Rights. Events starting from
March 1927 to 17 November 1956 in the chronological order; Ambedkar and his
Egalitarian Revolution – Socio-political and religious activities. Events
starting from November 1929 to 8 May 1956 in the chronological order;
Ambedkar and his Egalitarian Revolution – Speeches. (Events starting from 1
January to 20 November 1956 in the chronological order.)
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Pictorial
representation
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Person Of the Day : Bhim Rao Ambedkar : 14 April : Birth
